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and so an unusually warm summer can cause the ice to melt more than usual (negative mass balance) and, likewise, a particularly cold summer (or winter) can cause the sea ice to grow (positive mass balance). As well as the weather the thickness and extent of the sea ice at the start of the melt season

, wetter winters and hotter, drier summers. But this new tool now allows people to easily see what could happen at a more local level in their area. Dr Mark McCarthy, head of the National Climate Information Centre, said: “This approach of bringing historical observations together with the latest