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during the month (dry season). Climate Outlook Asia: June to March Current Status 10 Current Status – Southern Asia Current Status: Temperature Current Status: Rainfall June July August June July August Pakistan Mixed (1) Mixed (1) Mixed (1) Very Wet Very Wet Very Dry (5) India Mixed (3) Hot Hot (4

Center and the IRI Map Room: http://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/maproom/. Additional Information: (1) Note: Warm in the west, normal in the east (2) Note: Very wet in the north, normal* elsewhere * Region usually experiences less than 10mm/month rainfall during the month (dry season). Climate Outlook Asia

, east Hot and elsewhere near normal. ^^^Note: Northern Pakistan was very wet in November. Little rainfall observed across the rest of the country. * Region usually experiences less than 10mm/month rainfall during the month (dry season). Climate Outlook Asia: September to June Current Status 11 Current

The word monsoon comes from the Arabic word 'mausim' which translates as 'season', which is suggestive of the seasonal nature of the monsoon and its associated rains.

A monsoon climate is characterised by a dramatic seasonal change in direction of the prevailing winds of a region which brings a marked change in rainfall. The monsoon climate results in high annual rainfall totals exceeding 1.5 m (5 ft) in many places. Monsoons lead to distinct wet and dry seasons

drivers of the South Asian climate are the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). These are irregular coupled atmosphere-ocean oscillations which drive variability in monsoon rainfall from year-to-year. In general, the warm (cool) phase of ENSO results in a drier (wetter

the forecast data into X (Predictor) and the number of wet days into Y (Predictand) and setup CPT to produce precipitation maps plots for ROC below- and abovenormal number of wet days greater than a daily rainfall threshold of 0 mm or 10 mm, and the probabilistic forecasts for season of choice (OND

as the continent of Asia heats up low pressure forms, bringing warm, moisture laden winds from the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The summer months are therefore much wetter for large areas of China, and are commonly known as the "monsoon season". The reliability of the seasonal weather across more populated

. For example, we classify much of the UK under the Cfb category. This means we have a temperate climate (C), with no dry season (f) and a warm summer (b). What is a microclimate? A microclimate is a small area with a different climate to its surroundings. This could be due to nearby landmarks

) Srivastava et al. (2018) WMO (2008) Rajeevan et al. (2008) 2.1.2 Case study: Floods across South Asia region in 2007 The 2007 summer monsoon led to widespread flooding across the South Asia region, the main areas affected are shown in Figure 6. Over the duration of the monsoon season, 2000 people

An assessment of 12 dynamical seasonal prediction systems is conducted, assessing their ability to predict South Asian seasonal precipitation during the two key monsoon seasons; southwest (June to September (JJAS)) and northeast (October to November (OND)). This research has been conducted as part