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If you are interested in clouds or thunderstorms, UK climate or weather extremes, this series of factsheets clearly describes and illustrates the processes involved.

These factsheets clearly describe and illustrate the processes involved in global weather and climate, providing the most up-to-date answers and information. 1. Clouds The current classification of clouds is based upon those originated by Luke Howard (1772-1864), a London pharmacist and amateur

History Version Issue Date Change Description Owner V1 April 2019 New document D Hardy V2 July 2021 Replacement of AIRMET with GAMETs D Hardy V3 May 2022 Removal of EURO Forecast precip rate, Forecast precip type, Forecast vis & Forecast total cloud weather may layers D Hardy © Crown copyright 2021

, particularly over coastal areas and hills where it brings low clouds, drizzle and local hill fog. Judging from the number of isobars the gradient wind does not seem to be an issue but the complexity of the frontal system over the Atlantic indicates that conditions will deteriorate quickly

the air stable, rather than cold and moist. Low cloud and poor visibility may be very persistent under such conditions. • The record breaking temperatures of August 2003 were caused by a tropical continental air mass. Summer Winter Temperature: Very warm or hot Average Humidity: Relatively dry Rather

. Breezy conditions will persist, and temperatures will hover near or slightly below seasonal averages. Monday night will see a shift to drier conditions for many, though showers in the north will drift southward, concentrating along North Sea coastal counties. Cloud cover will increase in the far

to the formation of cumulonimbus clouds, towering, dense clouds capable of producing heavy rain, hail, and lightning. Lightning is a massive electrical discharge caused by the separation of positive and negative charges within a storm cloud. As the storm develops, ice particles and hailstones collide

in late evening Chance of cloud-free hill tops above 800m: 10% increasing 30% in the afternoon. Low Cloud and visibility: The visibility will be very poor in extensive low cloud at first with base 300-500m and snow showers. Clearer, brighter spells developing through the day in the south and for coastal

of the atmosphere model to the surface model, where soil moisture has been shown to affect initiation. Much of the above is based on comparisons between model and observations for surface rainfall. It is possible that updrafts or clouds may compare better to observations and that the issue is related

also see isolated highs above 30°C. Elsewhere, temperatures will generally range from the low to mid-20s Celsius, with Shetland remaining cooler in the mid to high teens. Coastal areas, particularly in southwest England and Wales, will feel cooler compared to Tuesday. Medium-level cloud may produce

of rain 🌧️ pic.twitter.com/KQPqvUGmui — Met Office (@metoffice) September 21, 2025 Monday night will bring clear skies for many, allowing a patchy rural frost to develop, particularly in northern and western areas. Variable cloud and a few coastal showers will persist in the north and east